{"id":8042,"date":"2025-01-15T15:17:17","date_gmt":"2025-01-15T14:17:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mix2024.it-mix.net\/route-server\/"},"modified":"2025-09-04T12:07:20","modified_gmt":"2025-09-04T10:07:20","slug":"route-server","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.mix-it.net\/en\/route-server\/","title":{"rendered":"Route Server"},"content":{"rendered":"<section id=\"b-qfajqt_m5xzcxmo\" class=\"brxe-section\"><div class=\"brxe-container max-1000 w-full\"><div class=\"brxe-gb-inner-blocks w-full\">\n\n<div style=\"height:86px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>To simplify the management of peering agreements and facilitate the onboarding of new participants, MIX provides a route server service on its peering LANs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This mechanism allows participants to configure and manage multiple BGP sessions with other peers using a single BGP session.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This approach does not replace traditional bilateral peering agreements but rather serves as a natural complement to them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:48px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Technical Features<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Each participant connected to the route server platform is associated with a list of prefixes considered valid for BGP announcements. This list is generated by querying major IRRDB databases, using the participant\u2019s Autonomous System (AS) number or, if necessary, a specific AS-set provided by the participant. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:48px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Prefix Validity Requirements<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>It is essential for each participant to keep their information updated in the IRRDB databases. Specifically, for each prefix announced on MIX, there must be a corresponding <strong>route<\/strong> (or <strong>route6<\/strong>) object with the participant\u2019s AS number as the <strong>origin<\/strong>. Only prefixes meeting this condition will be included in the valid prefix list.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:48px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>BGP Session Management<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Once the BGP session is established, IP traffic will be exchanged directly between peering LAN neighbors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The route server\u2019s IP address will not be used as the <strong>next-hop<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The route server\u2019s AS number will not appear in the <strong>AS-path<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>To ensure this configuration, the &#8220;<strong>no bgp enforce-first-as<\/strong>&#8221; command must be enabled.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>32-bit Autonomous Systems are natively supported.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:81px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/section>\n\n<section id=\"b-wmntmi_m5xzfg58\" class=\"brxe-section\"><div class=\"brxe-container\"><div class=\"brxe-gb-inner-blocks w-full\">\n\n<div style=\"height:60px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div id=\"b-wpbpka_m5xzi5cm\" class=\"brxe-container\"><div id=\"b-auwpnc_m5xzi5cm\" class=\"brxe-div\"><h4 class=\"brxe-heading\">Addressing<\/h4><\/div><div id=\"b-poevhk_m5xzi5cm\" class=\"brxe-div\"><div class=\"brxe-gb-inner-blocks\">\n\n<p><strong>On the main peering LAN<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>RS1 v4: 217.29.66.254<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>RS1 v6: 2001:7F8:B:100:1D1:A5D1:6004:254<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>RS2 v4: 217.29.66.253<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>RS2 v6: 2001:7F8:B:100:1D1:A5D1:6004:253<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ASN: 61968<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>On the peering LAN of MIX Palermo<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>RS v4: 185.1.186.253<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>RS v6: 2001:7f8:101:7::253<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ASN: 61968<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>On the peering LAN of MIX Bologna<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>RS v4: 185.1.231.253<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>RS v6: 2001:7f8:101:13::253<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ASN: 61968<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>On the peering LAN of MIX Roma<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>RS v4:&nbsp;185.188.83.253<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>RS v6:&nbsp;2001:7f8:101:14::253<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ASN: 61968<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>On the peering LAN of MIX Caserta<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>RS v4:&nbsp;185.188.82.253<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>RS v6:&nbsp;2001:7f8:101:16::253<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ASN: 61968<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:60px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/section>\n\n<section id=\"b-qfajqt_m5xzy1k4\" class=\"brxe-section\"><div class=\"brxe-container max-1000 w-full\"><div class=\"brxe-gb-inner-blocks w-full\">\n\n<div style=\"height:60px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Sanity check<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Every prefix announced on route-servers are subject to some preliminary checks:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Prefix lengths allowed are \/8 \u2013 \/24 for IPv4 and \/12 \u2013 \/48 for IPv6<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The first ASN in the as-path must be the one of the peering ASN<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Routes that are well-known bogons or martians will be rejected<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Routes with one or more private or invalid ASNs in their as-path will be rejected<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Routes with one or more \u201ctransit free\u201d ASNs in their as-path will be rejected<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:60px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/section>\n\n<section id=\"b-wmntmi_m5xzzojx\" class=\"brxe-section\"><div class=\"brxe-container\"><div class=\"brxe-gb-inner-blocks w-full\">\n\n<div style=\"height:60px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div id=\"b-wpbpka_m5y0008v\" class=\"brxe-container\"><div id=\"b-auwpnc_m5y0008v\" class=\"brxe-div\"><h4 class=\"brxe-heading\">Community BGP<\/h4><\/div><div id=\"b-poevhk_m5y0008v\" class=\"brxe-div\"><div class=\"brxe-gb-inner-blocks\">\n\n<p>All the route-servers handle well-known communities transparently, and allow to filter what is being announced by sending communities according to the following scheme:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:18px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><thead><tr><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><strong>Function<\/strong><\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><strong>Standard<\/strong><\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><strong>Extended<\/strong><\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><strong>Large<\/strong><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Do not announce to any client<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">0:61968<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">rt:0:61968<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">61968:0:0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Announce to peer_as, even if tagged with the previous community<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">61968:peer_as<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">rt:61968:peer_as<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">61968:1:peer_as<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Do not announce to peer_as<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">0:peer_as<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">rt:0:peer_as<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">61968:0:peer_as<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Prepend the announcing ASN once to peer_as<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">65511:peer_as<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">rt:65511:peer_as<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">61968:101:peer_as<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Prepend the announcing ASN twice to peer_as<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">65512:peer_as<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">rt:65512:peer_as<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">61968:102:peer_as<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Prepend the announcing ASN thrice to peer_as<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">65513:peer_as<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">rt:65513:peer_as<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">61968:103:peer_as<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Prepend the announcing ASN once to any<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">65501:61968<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">r:65501:61968<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">61968:101:0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Prepend the announcing ASN twice to any<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">65502:61968<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">rt:65502:61968<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">61968:102:0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Prepend the announcing ASN thrice to any<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">65503:61968<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">rt:65503:61968<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">61968:103:0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Add NO_EXPORT to peer_as<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">65281:peer_as<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">rt:65281:peer_as<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">61968:65281:peer_as<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Add NO_ADVERTISE to peer_as<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">65282:peer_as<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">rt:65282:peer_as<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">61968:65282:peer_as<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:18px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>If no communities are sent, the default behavior is announcing to all the route-server participants.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:60px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/section>\n\n<section id=\"b-qfajqt_m5y0co2y\" class=\"brxe-section\"><div class=\"brxe-container max-1000 w-full\"><div class=\"brxe-gb-inner-blocks w-full\">\n\n<div style=\"height:60px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>RPKI support<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>On the route-servers origin validation via RPKI is enabled.<br>All INVALID prefixes are rejected. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:48px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Graceful BGP session shutdown<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Route-servers honor the GRACEFUL_SHUTDOWN community (65535:0): routes tagged with this community have their LOCAL_PREF attribute lowered to 0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:48px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u201cNever via route-servers\u201d attribute<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Routes with an AS_PATH containing one or more \u201cnever via route-servers\u201d networks\u2019 ASNs are rejected. The status of \u201cnever via route-servers\u201d flag is obtained from PeeringDB.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:48px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Max prefix number<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Route-server participants that explicitly set a max-prefix limit on the peering sessions are encouraged to set these limits according to what is published on the following PeeringDB page: <a href=\"https:\/\/peeringdb.com\/net\/13105\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/peeringdb.com\/net\/13105<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:48px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>General info<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Peering sessions on route-servers are configured as regular BGP sessions and allow, since day one, to exchange traffic with all the other members connected to the same platform. Route-servers only compute routing information, while the actual traffic exchange is clearly performed by the peering switches. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:60px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":6022,"parent":0,"menu_order":9,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"argomento":[38],"class_list":["post-8042","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","argomento-services"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Route Server | MIX<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mix-it.net\/en\/route-server\/\" \/>\n<meta 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